内容

Launching the Debugger in Different Modes
Launching in Start Internal Mode
Launching in Start External Mode
Launching in Attach Mode
Launching in Core Mode
Launching in Post-Mortem Mode
远程调试

Launching the Debugger

To start an application from an open project under the control of a debugger, select the ( Start Debugging of Startup Project ) button or press F5 .

Qt Creator checks whether the compiled program is up-to-date, and rebuilds and deploys it if the Build before deploying field is set to build the whole project or the application to run and the Always deploy before running check box is selected in the Build and Run options. To debug the program without deploying it, select Debug > Start Debugging > Start Debugging Without Deployment .

The debugger then takes over and starts the program with suitable parameters.

When using GDB or CDB as debug backend, you can specify additional commands to execute before and after the backend and debugged program are started or attached in 工具 > Options > Debugger > GDB and CDB 。更多信息，见 Specifying Debugger Settings .

To allow reading the user's default .gdbinit file on debugger startup, select the Load .gdbinit file on startup check box in GDB settings. For more information, see Specifying GDB Settings .

注意： Starting a C++ program in the debugger can take a long time, typically in the range of several seconds to minutes if complex features are used.

Launching the Debugger in Different Modes

The debugger plugin can run the native debuggers in various operating modes depending on where and how the debugged process is started and run. Some of the modes are only available for a particular operating system or platform.

In general, F5 和 Start Debugging of Startup Project button are set up in a way to start the operating mode that is commonly used in a given context. So if the current project is set up as a C++ application using the MinGW toolchain targeting desktop Windows, the GDB engine will be started in Start Internal mode. If the current project is a QML application using C++ plugins, a "mixed" QML/C++ engine will be started, with the C++ parts being handled by GDB and GDB server remote debugging.

Change the run configuration parameters (such as Run in Terminal ) in the run settings of the project, or select options from the Debug > Start Debugging menu to select other modes of operation.

The debugger can run in the following modes:

Start Internal to debug applications developed inside Qt Creator such as a Qt based GUI application.
Start External to start and debug processes without a proper Qt Creator project setup, either locally or on a remote machine.
Attach to debug processes already started and running outside Qt Creator, either locally or on a remote machine.
核心 to debug crashed processes on Unix.
Post-mortem to debug crashed processes on Windows.

Launching in Start Internal Mode

Start Internal mode is the default start mode for most projects, including all projects using a desktop Qt version and plain C++ projects.

If you need a console window to operate your application, for example because it accepts console input from the user, go to Projects > Run Settings and select the Run in terminal check box.

If a console application does not start up properly in the configured console and the subsequent attach fails, you can diagnose the issue by using CDB's native console. Select 工具 > Options > Debugger > CDB > Use CDB console to override the console set in the Windows system environment variables. Note that the native console does not prompt on application exit.

To launch the debugger in Start Internal mode, click the Start Debugging button for the active project.

You can specify breakpoints before or after launching the debugger. For more information, see Setting Breakpoints .

Launching in Start External Mode

You can debug any executable already present on your local or on a remote machine without using a project. You specify a build and run kit that identifies the device to debug the application on.

While this mode does not strictly require a project to be opened in Qt Creator, opening it makes setting breakpoints and stepping through the code easier.

To start and debug an external application:

选择 Debug > Start Debugging > Start and Debug External Application .
在 Kit field, select the build and run kit to use for building the project.
在 Local executable field, specify the path to the application executable on the local machine.
在 命令行自变量 field, specify command line arguments to be passed to the executable.
在 Working directory field, specify the working directory. It defaults to the directory of the build result.
Select the Run in terminal check box for console applications.
Select the Break at "main" check box to stop the debugger at the main function.
在 Override SysRoot field, specify the path to the sysroot to use instead of the default sysroot .
在 Debug information field, specify the location for storing debug information. You cannot use an empty path.
在 Recent field, you can select a recent configuration to use.

Launching in Attach Mode

You can attach the debugger to applications that are already running or instruct the debugger to attach to an application when it starts.

Attaching to Running Applications

To attach the debugger to an application already running on your local or on a remote machine:

选择 Debug > Start Debugging > Attach to Running Application .
在 Filter field, enter a string to filter processes by their process ID or name.
Select a process in the list, and then select Attach to Process to start debugging.

To refresh the list of running processes, select Update List .

To terminate the selected process, select Kill Process .

While this mode does not strictly require a project to be opened in Qt Creator, opening it makes setting breakpoints and stepping through the code easier.

You can specify breakpoints before or after attaching the debugger to the application. For more information, see Setting Breakpoints .

Attaching to Processes when They Start

To instruct the debugger to watch an application process and to attach to it when it starts:

选择 Debug > Start Debugging > Attach to Unstarted Application .
在 Kit field, select the build and run kit to use for building the project.
在 Executable field, specify the path to the application executable.
Select the Reopen dialog when application finishes check box to return to this dialog when the application is closed.
Select the Continue on attach check box to instruct the debugger to keep the application running after attaching to it.
选择 Start Watching to wait for the application process to start.

Launching in Core Mode

The Core mode is used to inspect core files (crash dumps) that are generated from crashed processes on Linux and Unix systems if the system is set up to allow this.

To enable the dumping of core files on a Unix system, enter the following command in the shell from which the application will be launched:

ulimit -c unlimited

To launch the debugger in the core mode:

选择 Debug > Start Debugging > Load Core File .
在 Kit field, select a build and run kit that was used for building the binary for which the core file was created. If the core file stems from a binary not built by Qt Creator or a process not initiated by Qt Creator, select a kit that matches the setup used as closely as possible, in respect to the specified device, tool chain, debugger, and sysroot.
在 Core file field, specify the core file to inspect.
在 Executable of symbol file field, specify a file that contains debug information corresponding to the core file. Typically, this is the executable file or a .debug file if the debug information is stored separately from the executable.
在 Override start script field, specify a script file to run instead of the default start script.
在 Override SysRoot field, specify the path to the sysroot to use instead of the default sysroot .

Also in this mode, using a properly configured project containing the sources of the crashed program is not strictly necessary, but helpful.

Launching in Post-Mortem Mode

The post-mortem mode is available only on Windows, if you have installed the debugging tools for Windows.

The Qt Creator installation program asks you whether you want to register Qt Creator as a post-mortem debugger. To change the setting, select 工具 > Options > Debugger > General > Use Qt Creator for post-mortem debugging .

You can launch the debugger in the post-mortem mode if an application crashes on Windows. Click the Debug in Qt Creator button in the error message that is displayed by the Windows operating system.

远程调试

Qt Creator provides very easy access to remote debugging.

In general, the remote debugging setup consist of a probe running on the remote machine and a counterpart running on the host side. The probe is either integrated into the running process (e.g. for QML debugging) or runs a separate process (e.g. when using GDB server on embedded Linux). The host side typically consists of Qt Creator itself, often with the help of an external process, such as GDB or CDB.

While this setup might look daunting, it is mostly invisible to the user of Qt Creator. To start debugging on a remote target with the necessary helper processes running, select the corresponding kit in Projects > Build & Run , and then select a function to start remote debugging in the Debug > Start Debugging 菜单。

Special use cases, such as attaching to a running process on the target, might still require manual setup.

Using GDB

When debugging on a target supported by GDB server, a local GDB process talks to a GDB server running on the remote machine that controls the process to be debugged.

The GDB server process is started on the remote machines by passing a port number and the executable:

gdbserver :1234 <executable>

It then typically responds:

Process bin/qtcreator created; pid = 5159
Listening on port 1234

On the local machine that runs Qt Creator:

选择 Debug > Start Debugging > Attach to Running Debug Server .
在 Kit field, select the build and run kit to use for building the project.
在 Server port field, enter the name of the remote machine and the port number to use.
在 Local executable field, specify the path to the application executable on the local machine.
在 命令行自变量 field, specify command line arguments to be passed to the executable.
在 Working directory field, specify the working directory. It defaults to the directory of the build result.
Select the Run in terminal check box for console applications.
Select the Break at "main" check box to stop the debugger at the main function.
在 Server start script field, specify a script file to run when the server starts.
在 Override SysRoot field, specify the path to the sysroot to use instead of the default sysroot .
在 Init commands field, enter the commands to execute immediately after the connection to a target has been established.
在 Reset commands field, enter the commands to execute when resetting the connection to a target.
在 Debug information field, specify the location for storing debug information. You cannot use an empty path.
在 Override server channel field, specify a communication channel to use, such as a serial line or custom port.
在 Recent field, you can select a recent configuration to use.
选择 OK to start debugging.

By default, a non-responsive GDB process is terminated after 20 seconds. To increase the timeout in the GDB timeout field, select 工具 > Options > Debugger > GDB . For more information about settings that you can specify to manage the GDB process, see Specifying GDB Settings and Specifying Extended GDB Settings .

Using CDB

In remote mode, the local CDB process talks to a CDB process that runs on the remote machine. The process is started with special command line options that switch it into server mode. The remote CDB process must load the Qt Creator CDB extension library that is shipped with Qt Creator:

安装 Debugging Tools for Windows on the remote machine. The installation folder contains the CDB command line executable ( cdb.exe ).
Copy the Qt Creator CDB extension library from the Qt installation directory to the a new folder on the remote machine (32 or 64 bit version depending on the version of the Debugging Tools for Windows used):
- \lib\qtcreatorcdbext32\qtcreatorcdbext.dll (32 bit)
- \lib\qtcreatorcdbext64\qtcreatorcdbext.dll (64 bit)
Set the _NT_DEBUGGER_EXTENSION_PATH environment variable to point to that folder.
To use TCP/IP as communication protocol, launch remote CDB as follows:
```
cdb.exe -server tcp:port=1234 <executable>
									
```
On the local machine running Qt Creator, select Debug > Start Debugging > Attach to Remote CDB Session .

在 Connection field enter the connection parameters. For example, for TCP/IP:

Server:Port

If you chose some other protocol, specify one of the alternative formats:

tcp:server=Server,port=Port[,password=Password][,ipversion=6]
tcp:clicon=Server,port=Port[,password=Password][,ipversion=6]
npipe:server=Server,pipe=PipeName[,password=Password]
com:port=COMPort,baud=BaudRate,channel=COMChannel[,password=Password]
spipe:proto=Protocol,{certuser=Cert|machuser=Cert},server=Server,pipe=PipeName[,password=Password]
ssl:proto=Protocol,{certuser=Cert|machuser=Cert},server=Server,port=Socket[,password=Password]
ssl:proto=Protocol,{certuser=Cert|machuser=Cert},clicon=Server,port=Socket[,password=Password]

Click OK to start debugging.

To specify settings for managing the CDB process, select 工具 > Options > Debugger > CDB 。更多信息，见 Specifying CDB Settings .